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A
一般迁移
B
顺向迁移
C
逆向迁移
D
特殊迁移
正确答案 :B
解析
【金标尺解析】本题考查学习迁移。
根据迁移发生的方向划分,学习迁移可分为顺向迁移和逆向迁移。顺向迁移指的是先前学习对后继学习产生的影响。故B项符合题意。
A项:根据迁移内容的不同,学习迁移可分为一般迁移和具体迁移,一般迁移是指在一种学习中所习得的一般原理、原则和态度对另一种具体内容学习的影响,即原理、原则和态度的具体应用。不符合题意,故排除。
C项:根据迁移发生的方向划分,学习迁移可分为顺向迁移和逆向迁移。逆向迁移指的是后继学习对先前学习产生的影响。不符合题意,故排除。
D项:根据迁移内容的不同,学习迁移可分为一般迁移和具体迁移(特殊迁移)。特殊迁移指的是学习迁移发生时,学习者原有的经验组成要素及其结构没有变化,只是将习得的经验要素重新组合并移用到另一种学习之中,即具体经验迁移到另一种学习。不符合题意,故排除。
故本题答案为B。
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